The fight against obesity is a very challenging process for many people today, both physically and psychologically. In cases where traditional methods such as diet and exercise are insufficient, surgical interventions come into play. At this point, the two most preferred methods are sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass surgery. Although both methods provide weight loss, they differ from each other in terms of their application methods, effects on the digestive system and long-term results. When deciding which method is more appropriate, the patient’s health status, lifestyle and expectations are taken into account.
Sleeve gastrectomy is performed by surgically removing approximately 80% of the stomach. In this procedure, the stomach is shaped like a thin long tube. Thanks to a smaller stomach capacity, the person experiences a feeling of satiety by eating a much smaller amount of food. At the same time, since the area where the hunger hormone ghrelin is produced is also removed, a decrease in appetite is also seen. Sleeve gastrectomy is generally considered simpler and low-risk because it does not disrupt the natural structure of the digestive system.
Gastric bypass is a much more complex surgical procedure. In this procedure, the stomach is reduced in size and the small intestine is reconstructed. A small stomach pouch is created and connected directly to the later parts of the small intestine. Thus, the stomach capacity is reduced and some of the food is removed from the body without being digested. Thanks to this procedure, weight loss is usually faster and more pronounced. At the same time, however, the risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies becomes very high. It is therefore of great importance to take regular supplements after gastric bypass and in the long term.
Gastric sleeve gastrectomy is often the first choice because it is less invasive and preserves the natural structure of the digestive system to a large extent. However, it has also been scientifically proven that gastric bypass can provide more effective results in individuals with metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Both types of surgery require a serious lifestyle change. Reorganization of eating habits, psychological support and regular physical activity play a critical role in the long-term success of surgery.
In conclusion, gastric sleeve and gastric bypass surgeries are effective methods in the treatment of obesity, but the most appropriate option for each patient may differ. The most appropriate surgical method is decided after detailed evaluations with a multidisciplinary team consisting of specialists such as surgeons, dieticians and psychologists. Awareness of the patient both before and after surgery ensures that the process is healthier and more efficient.
